Social Solidarity (Kesetiakawanan Sosial)

 

Definition

According to Émile Durkheim, the types of social solidarity correlate with types of society. Durkheim introduced the terms "mechanical" and "organic solidarity" as part of his theory of the development of societies in The Division of Labour in Society (1893). In a society exhibiting mechanical solidarity, its cohesion and integration comes from the homogeneity of individuals—people feel connected through similar work, educational and religious training, and lifestyle. Mechanical solidarity normally operates in "traditional" and small scale societies. In simpler societies (e.g., tribal), solidarity is usually based on kinship ties of familial networks. Organic solidarity comes from the interdependence that arises from specialization of work and the complementarities between people—a development which occurs in "modern" and "industrial" societies.

• Definition: it is social cohesion based upon the dependence individuals have on each other in more advanced societies.

Although individuals perform different tasks and often have different values and interest, the order and very solidarity of society depends on their reliance on each other to perform their specified tasks. Organic here is referring to the interdependence of the component parts. Thus social solidarity is maintained in more complex societies through the interdependence of its component parts (e.g., farmers produce the food to feed the factory workers who produce the tractors that allow the farmer to produce the food).

In Philosophy :

Solidarity is an emerging concept in contemporary philosophy – it is subject to ongoing studies in various sub-fields of ethics and political philosophy.

One notable approach in bioethics is to identify solidarity primarily as a three-tiered practice enacted at the interpersonal, communal, and contractual and legal levels. This approach is driven by the quest to differentiate between the diverse applications of the concept and to clarify its meaning, both historically and in terms of its potential as a fruitful concept for contemporary moral, social and political issues.

Social Solidarity Problem in Indonesia

Social Solidarity problem in Indonesia can be seen from two points of view. The first is structural, it's big enough problem. 10% population of Indonesia dominate 90% of the remaining. Therefore, there was social inequality. The rich get richer, and the poor get poorer. Great entrepreneurs build high-rise buildings by displacing the lower-middle entrepreneurs jobs, and they do not have businesses area anymore.  There are many other examples of gaps that occur in the world, despite being mandated by our constitution that earth, water, and the content contained therein shall be controlled by the state and used profusely by the interests of the people. But the fact is a lot of International Company control resources that suppose to be controlled by our country.

The second is can be seen from the level of institutional. Nothing can strengthen solidarity, that is about the aspect of equality and commonweal. As a result, disruption of social networking process. Our social network, which used to be a lot of community support has been experiencing intense politicization. There are formal and non-formal institutions of political, such as religious and so on. However, it has not been able to accredit the interest of public such as political parties.

Loyalty That Indonesia Expected

One factor that supports sustainability and the achievement of a life together is loyalty to what has been a mutual agreement. Similarly, in the life of the nation, we need a loyalty to the nation and the state to defend and preserve the survival of the nation and efforts to achieve the goal of the state establishment.

Loyalty can also be directed at the person's state and nation. Teaching or understanding which requires the delivery of the highest loyalty to the country of his nationality called Nationalism.

So, the loyalty that Indonesia want are :

  1. Loyalty to the integrity of Nation.

  2. Loyalty to the declaration of independent 17 August 1945.

  3. Loyalty to the basic of state Pancasila.

  4. Loyalty to the Indonesian legal system.

We know that humans instinctively kept in touch with each other and the environment, so that the relationship will lead to a social group.

If people have felt the same boat and have the awareness to help among social groups, the sense of unity and unity will be realized. If it is so then it will grow united force to repel the invaders.

Examples of improving the ability to create a life based on the principles of social solidarity :

  -- Getting used to help victims of natural disasters. In the previous, it explain that the life of every human will be meaningful when based on the principle of togetherness. Naturally was always be accused to live as social besides individual. 

      Example :

        a. Help with pleasure

        b. Be patient and be tender

        c. Give an educational aid

  -- Work together for the common interests

      Example :

        a. Voluntary work in neighborhood

        b. Keep public facilities stay clean

  -- Enhance the family spirit

      Example in family :

        a. Breakfast or lunch together

        b. Worship together

      Example in school :

        a. Charity

        b. Voluntary work

  

5 Actions to Create A Sense of Social Solidarity

This is a few example that at least can be created a sense of social solidarity.

  1. Solicit a donation

There can be a charity box, wallet care, social accounts, and the other ways to solicit the donation like money or things.

  2. Create social care posts

It can be help when disaster happened.

  3. Make social event

This social heath event is often held by kinds of social organization in this society, in certain celebration, and especially when victim happened

  4. Raise social support

Set one's hand, solicit care coins, put up information banners, do peaceful demonstration as a form of togetherness.

  5. Utilizing social network

Technology become a trend in this world, like facebook or twitter that can show us about many things such as event, presidential election, and so on. It can be accessed by everyone in this world.

Characteristics Feature of Social Solidarity

The dominant characteristics are family spirit, togetherness spirit, and love. Another characteristics are do something together, however that is sad or happy thing, don't be selfish, and be honor.

Benefits of Social Solidarity

  
  1. A true friend is a person who makes us proud.
  2. A faithful friend is a person who makes us happy.
  3. A best friend is a person who makes our live be meaningful. 
  4. With a sense of social solidarity, it'll be a big opportunity for us to solve our problem that need critical attitude and balance control.
 
 

Moral Values of Social Solidarity

Social solidarity (kesetiakawanan sosial) is feeling of someone who comes from a sense of love for life together thus realized with the real charity in the form of sacrifice and willingness, maintain, and protect against life together.

According to that definition, a sense of solidarity means :

  1. Personal interest placed within the framework of obligation as social human being in life society.

  2. Obligation to society and nation are bigger than their personal interest.

There are the moral value of social solidarity :

  1. Help each other. It happens in social life such as helps our neighbor, help grandparent to cross the street, so on.

  2. Mutual cooperation. For example, working on the rice field or build houses.

  3. Team work. This moral value shows team work attitude, even though different ethnic, skin, or language, they don't care about that in team work.

  4. Togetherness. This moral created because of being bound to self and interest of loyalty to self or another self, help and defend each other. For example, donate to the disaster-affected.

Sumber : 
en.wikipedia.org
http://marshaeliza.blogspot.com/2013/12/kesetiakawanan-sosial.html
http://pembajakblog-blog.blogspot.com/2013/07/manfaat-kesetiakawanan.html 
http://uyuyfazry.wordpress.com/2011/11/07/kesetiakawanan-sosial/